:: دوره 6، شماره 2 - ( 6-1397 ) ::
جلد 6 شماره 2 صفحات 141-125 برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
مطالعه آلودگی درختان در فضای سبز شهری بر اساس رفتار طیفی آن‌ها با استفاده از طیف‌سنجی میدانی
لیلا موسایی کردشامی ، مژگان عباسی* ، علی جعفری
دانشگاه شهرکرد
چکیده:   (3256 مشاهده)
افزایش حمل‌ونقل و ترافیک در شهرها را می‌توان از عوامل اصلی آلودگی هوا نام برد که تأثیرات منفی گسترده‌ای بر کیفیت زندگی انسان‌ها و گیاهان گذاشته است. روش­های معمول برای بررسی تأثیر آلودگی هوا بر اساس نمونه‌برداری از هوا و گیاه و تجزیه‌وتحلیل‌هایی است که نیازمند تجهیزات آزمایشگاهی، زمان و هزینه نسبتاً بالا هستند. ترکیبات بیوشیمیایی و تغییرات ساختار سلولی گیاه تحت تأثیر بازتابندگی طیفی گیاهان در محدوده طیف مرئی و مادون‌قرمز نزدیک قرار دارد. آلودگی هوا و استرس‌های ناشی از آن باعث تغییراتی در ترکیبات محتوای سلولی گیاه خواهد شد؛ بنابراین می‌توان با بررسی رفتار طیفی گیاه با صرف زمان و هزینه کمتر به احتمال وجود آلودگی درختان در فضای سبز شهری پی برد. هدف مطالعه حاضر مطالعه رفتار طیفی گونه‌های زبان‌گنجشک، نارون و سرو در دو حالت آلوده و شاهد و بررسی امکان تفکیک این دو تیمار بوده است. این مطالعه در بخشی از بزرگراه امام خمینی اصفهان که در معرض آلودگی هوای ناشی از ترافیک قرار دارد انجام شده است. به این‌منظور شاخص‌های طیفی حساس به استرس و کلروفیل انتخاب و محاسبه شده؛ سپس به‌عنوان ورودی در مدل‌های شبکه عصبی مصنوعی وارد شد. نتایج مدل شبکه عصبی مصنوعی با استفاده از شاخص‌های طیفی برای تفکیک گونه‌های شاهد و آلوده دارای صحت کلی %4/73 بود. مدل رگرسیونی حداقل مربعات بخشی نیز برای تفکیک دو حالت آلوده و شاهد برای سه گونه به‌صورت توأم و برای هر گونه به‌صورت مجزا انجام شد و نتایج قابل قبولی در تفکیک گونه‌های شاهد و آلوده گونه‌ی زبان‌گنجشک با ضریب همبستگی 97/0 و ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا حاصل از اعتبار سنجی متقاطع (Root Mean Square Error of Cross Validation) مدل به‌دست‌آمده معادل 76/0 به دست آمد.
واژه‌های کلیدی: آلودگی هوا، طیف‌سنجی میدانی، شبکه عصبی مصنوعی، شاخص‌های طیفی، بزرگراه امام خمینی اصفهان
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نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: سنجش از دور
دریافت: 1395/11/24 | پذیرش: 1396/8/29 | انتشار: 1397/6/31
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