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تخمین وسعت تخریب ناشی از زلزله با استفاده از تداخل سنجی راداری وتصاویر نوری (مطالعه موردی: زلزله1382 بم)
حمید مهرابی ، سعید زعفرانیه*
دانشگاه اصفهان
چکیده:   (2434 مشاهده)
تخمین میزان تخریب ناشی از زلزله و دیگر بلایای طبیعی در روزهای اول پس از وقوع این حوادث می­تواند امکان برآورد سریع میزان خسارات وارده را فراهم کرده و کمک شایانی به مدیریت بحران نماید. برای بررسی میزان تخریب ناشی از زلزله چندین روش از جمله استفاده از تصاویر اپتیک سنجش از دور، روش‌های مختلف فتوگرامتری (پهپاد و لیدار)، تداخل‌سنجی راداری (InSAR) و بازدیدهای میدانی وجود دارد. داده­های راداری در تمام ساعات شبانه­روز و در تمام شرایط آب و هوایی، غالباً به­صورت رایگان و ارزان در اختیار کاربران قرار می­گیرد. امروزه فناوری تداخل‌سنجی راداری با قابلیت­ها و محصولات متعدد در حیطه فاز و دامنه به ابزاری قدرتمند در پایش تغییر شکل و تغییرات پوسته زمین تبدیل شده است. یکی از محصولات تداخل‌سنجی راداری تصویر همدوسی (Coherence image) می­باشد. عدم همدوسی در تصاویر راداری می‌تواند ناشی از عوامل متعدد از قبیل وجود پوشش گیاهی، تغییرات ضریب دی­الکتریک در تصاویر اصلی (Master image) و فرعی (Slave image)، شیب زیاد مناطق، فرسایش خاک ، تخریب عوارض و تغییر وضعیت زمین (مثلاً ساخت و ساز ) ­باشد. در این مقاله سعی شده است محدوده عدم همدوسی ناشی از تخریب با تمرکز بر تکنیک تداخل‌سنجی راداری تفاضلی (D-InSAR) و حذف سلول­هایی که به دلیل پوشش گیاهی، تغییرات ضریب دی­الکتریک و مناطق پر شیب کوهستانی همدوسی خود را از دست داده­اند، برآورد شود. در این راستا، زوج تصاویر ماهواره انویست  (Envisat)قبل و بعد از زلزله 1382 بم به عنوان تصاویر منطقه مطالعاتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همدوسی سلول­های با مقدار متوسط 2/0 در محدوده ارگ بم با میزان تخریب بالای آن موید قابلیت استفاده از این معیار در میزان تخریب می­باشد. نتایج بررسی زلزله بم نشان می­دهد که 5/23% از مساحت 14290 هکتاری منطقه مطالعاتی دچار تخریب کامل (فرو ریزش) و 31% دچار تخریب بالا شده است.
واژه‌های کلیدی: تداخل سنجی راداری (InSAR)، همدوسی، میزان تخریب، D-InSAR
متن کامل [PDF 1887 kb]   (1193 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: سنجش از دور
دریافت: 1398/3/25 | پذیرش: 1398/8/11 | انتشار: 1398/12/29
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دوره 7، شماره 4 - ( 12-1398 ) برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها