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Integration of GPS and SAR observations For Ionospheric Delay Model Generation
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Elnaz Yeganeh Siyahkal   , Yazdan Amerian * , Saeid Haji-Aghajany |
| K. N. Toosi University of Technology |
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Abstract: (851 Views) |
Microwave signals are delayed due to passing through the ionosphere layer. This delay reduces the accuracy of GPS positioning. In addition to affecting the GPS observations, the ionospheric delay also affects the radar measurements, especially in the L-band. Therefore, the computation of the ionospheric delay is important in different applications of the satellite data. Due to the distribution of the GPS stations and high temporal resolution of their observations, the TEC map calculated by GPS has a low spatial resolution. On the other hand unlike the SAR observations, these observations have high temporal resolution. Therefore, the estimated TEC from SAR observation has high spatial but low temporal resolution. In this paper, the spatio-temporal kriging prediction was used to combine the differential VTEC observations estimated from GPS and InSAR to generate a ionospheric delay pridiction model with high spatio-temporal resolution for a district in Northern America. The differential VTEC obtained from the spatio-temporal kriging prediction and IRI model were verified using VTEC obtained from GPS in IPP. For this case, the RMSE for kriging prediction and IRI model in IPP was calculated 1.91 and 2.11 TECU at 2:45 p.m. for the days 58 and 70 of the year. In addition, the RMSE for kriging prediction and IRI model were 0.65 and 0.75 TECU at 1:00 p.m. for the days 70 and 84, 2.54 and 3.82 TECU at 1:00 p.m. for the days 84 and 99, and 7.50 and 7.95 TECU at 2:20 p.m. for the days 99 and 158 of the year respectivelly. In comparison with IRI the statistical results show high potential of the spatio-temporal kriging prediction method to estimate the differential VTEC for a limited spatio-temporal period of time in the studied area.
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| Keywords: Ionospheric delay, Total Electron Content (TEC), Radar interferometry, Spatio-temporal kriging prediction |
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Full-Text [PDF 1730 kb]
(104 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Geodesy
Received: 2022/06/21 | Accepted: 2023/09/18 | ePublished ahead of print: 2025/02/2 | Published: 2025/03/17
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